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The Trouble with Aid: Why Less Could Mean More for Africa (African Arguments), by Jonathan Glennie
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In this book, Jonathan Glennie argues that government aid to Africa actually has many very harmful effects.� He claims that aid has often meant more poverty, more hungry people, worse basic services for poor people and damage to already precarious democratic institutions. Rather than the Make Poverty History slogan "Double aid to Africa," Glennie suggests the opposite: "Halve aid to Africa"--to achieve the same result and reduce aid dependency. Through an honest assessment of both the positive and negative consequences of aid, this book will show you why.�
- Sales Rank: #230947 in Books
- Brand: Brand: Zed Books
- Published on: 2008-10-01
- Released on: 2008-12-09
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 7.81" h x .50" w x 5.06" l, .48 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 192 pages
- Used Book in Good Condition
Review
'Readable, reasoned yet radical; Glennie urges governments, campaigners and others to look beyond aid and consider other ways to help impoverished nations and citizens stand on their own feet.' Alex Wilks, European Network on Debt and Development 'Jonathan Glennie's excellent and immensely readable new book presents a compelling case for those of us who care about Africa not to demand ever more aid, but rather to seek the more fundamental changes in the global economy which could reduce dependency on aid and contribute to the ultimate eradication of poverty.' David Woodward, former head of New Global Economy Programme 'Jonathan Glennie offers a refreshing and insightful departure from the polarized views that have dominated the aid debate. Clearly and succinctly he challenges both aid optimists and aid sceptics with an in-depth analysis of the 'complex impacts' of aid on the lives of the poor and the institutions and governments of recipient countries. A must read' Samuel Gayi, UNCTAD 'At last a book that speaks frankly to the fundamentals of aid and how it is delivered. Ignore this book at your peril; this is an issue we cannot relegate to the sidelines of development' Charles Mutasa, Africa Forum and Network on Development and Debt (AFRODAD) 'The Trouble with aid certainly hits the spot. A concise and forthright critique and summary of the aid dilemma, its lack of prohibitive jargon and lofty rhetoric afford it wide and deserved appeal' New Agriculturalist
About the Author
Jonathan Glennie is director of policy and research at Save the Children UK, as well as a visiting fellow at the International Development Institute at King's College London.�
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Most helpful customer reviews
3 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
Re-conceptualizing Development
By A. E. Ritterbusch
Glennie's work is a must read for Africanists, international development scholars, postcolonial theorists and practitioners interested in re-approaching and ultimately overthrowing the dominant paradigm driving the international development apparatus and the structure of foreign aid. Albeit controversial, Glennie's argument that less aid (if accompanied with drastic changes in the allocation of and conditionalities attached to funds coming from the 'developed' world) could potentially mean more for 'developing' countries provides a concrete foundation for a paradigmatic shift in development discourse and practice. *Reading list recommendation: upper division undergraduate seminar in International Development, International Political Economy, Comparative Area Studies, etc.*
1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
A comprehensive critique of the aid system
By John Gibbs
Poverty seems to be a simple problem. Just add money and it goes away. Unfortunately that is not how it works. Aid has actually increased poverty, prevented the economic development of recipient countries and resulted in dependency and destruction of government agencies and accountable government, according to Jonathan Glennie in this book.
The author says that the impacts of aid are usually not measured, and when they are measured the measurements do not include the indirect impacts of aid, and in particular the negative effects of aid on the basic institutions needed for economic stability and effective government in recipient countries, and the macroeconomic effects of large inflows of foreign money. Trade and investment policies are far more important to Africa's long-term economic growth, but it is much easier to get rich countries to agree to send some charity than it is to get them to change their trade policies.
The author suggests that donors and recipients should aim to halve aid by 2020, while taking other measures to fill the financing gap and support poverty reduction. Firstly, he recommends plugging the leaks which cause more money to leave Africa each year in illicit capital flight, investment abroad, debt repayments and bolstering central bank foreign exchange reserves than the total amount of aid received. Next, African governments need to raise revenue through well-designed taxation systems. An appropriate mix of protectionism and trade liberalisation needs to be adopted to foster economic growth. Donor countries should be spending more on development in Africa, but through technology and investment, not aid.
The book is quite short at 143 pages, but filled with interesting facts and stories about problems with the aid system. Some might be tempted to give up on trying to help the poor after seeing all the problems, but that is not the author's intent; instead, he argues that we should be expending greater efforts and resources in helping the poor, not through more aid, but though something that works.
1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
Useful study of aid
By William Podmore
Jonathan Glennie, an experienced policy analyst for several international development charities, has written a very useful study of aid. He criticises the simple assumption that doubling aid would halve poverty.
He points out, "In reality, in many African countries aid has meant more poverty, more hungry people, worse basic services for poor people and damage to already precarious democratic institutions."
African incomes per head rose 36 per cent between 1960 and 1980, but under international Thatcherism, between 1980 and 2000, they fell by 15 per cent. IMF cuts forced Africa's spending on education down by 65 per cent between 1980 and 1987. In the 1980s and 1990s, the IMF imposed user fees on health care, making child mortality in Zimbabwe rise by 13 per cent.
The aid conditions of privatisation and liberalisation have had more impact than aid money. As he observes, "donor conditions have harmed Africa overall." He notes, "trade liberalisation policies as a whole have cost Africa $272 billion since 1985." A 2004 report found that "adjustment policies have contributed to the further impoverishment and marginalisation of local populations, while increasing economic inequality."
Glennie notes, "The European Union is currently using the promise of better trade access through Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) to pressurize African governments to adopt policies most do not want to adopt. Just like aid conditionalities, this pressure undermines democratic accountability and the ability of African countries to make decisions in their own interests. In fact even EU aid priorities, according to the EU's Trade Commissioner, will be directed towards helping implement EPAs."
He observes, "billions of dollars are lost to Africa every year in illicit capital flight, investment abroad, debt repayments and bolstering central bank reserves, far more than arrive in the form of aid and foreign investment."
He notes "the central paradox of aid - that the act of aid giving in itself undermines both state capacity and accountability." As he writes, dependency on aid from foreign donors has undermined the development of the basic institutions needed to govern and the vital link of accountability between state and citizen." He sums up, "aid itself has undermined democracy, institutions and the capacity to govern in Africa."
Glennie observes that aid is good for the donor governments. "There are two main reasons for the donor focus on aid. First, aid is the easiest and least costly way for politicians to be seen to be responding to the continuing and unacceptable poverty that exists in most of the world, particularly in Africa. And second, far from being costly, aid is a cost-efficient way of buying economic advantage and political support." For example, spending on technical aid, mostly the salaries of foreign advisers shipped in from donor countries, accounts for half of all aid.
He concludes, "Aid increases may harm efforts to reduce poverty and improve governance and sustainable development in most African countries." Nations need to control capital flows, create and use their own resources, and not rely on foreign aid.
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